Shinkansen Luggage Rules: What You Need to Know

Travelling on Japan’s famous bullet trains is an unforgettable experience, but knowing the Shinkansen luggage rules before boarding can save you time and hassle. From luggage size limits to reserved oversized baggage spaces, understanding what you can bring makes your trip smoother and stress free. Whether you are carrying a small suitcase for a short getaway or larger bags for a longer journey, this guide covers everything about Shinkansen luggage, including size, weight, and booking tips. Prepare with confidence and enjoy a seamless ride across Japan’s rail network.

Understanding Size and Weight Restrictions

The most important detail for travellers is the maximum allowed size of their bags. On Shinkansen services, luggage is measured by the sum of its length, width, and height. If your bag measures up to 160 centimetres in total, you can bring it onboard without any special arrangements. Items between 160 and 250 centimetres are still permitted, but you need to reserve an oversized baggage seat in advance. Anything larger than 250 centimetres cannot be carried onboard and must be shipped separately. Most standard suitcases used for international travel fit within the 160 centimetre allowance, which is why many visitors do not face issues. Keeping your luggage size within these limits ensures a smooth boarding process and avoids unexpected fees or delays at the station.

Where to Store Your Bags on the Train

Knowing where to place your belongings is key to travelling comfortably. Smaller suitcases and backpacks can usually fit in the overhead racks, which are located above the seats in every carriage. These racks are convenient for hand luggage or carry-on bags, although they are not designed for large checked-sized suitcases. For medium to large bags, the best option is to place them behind the last row of seats in each car, where dedicated storage space is provided. If you have booked an oversized baggage seat, your suitcase is placed directly behind your reserved seat in a secured spot. This system keeps walkways clear and makes sure your belongings are safe while you enjoy the journey. Familiarising yourself with these storage options helps avoid confusion once you board.

Where to Store Your Bags on the Shinkansen

Travelling with Special Items Shinkansen

Travelling with Oversized or Unusual Items

Some travellers need to bring more than just a suitcase. Items such as musical instruments, sports gear, or baby strollers have their own considerations. Smaller strollers can be folded and stored in designated areas, but larger ones may require advanced arrangements. Instruments that fall within the permitted measurements can be carried onboard, often in protective cases, while bulkier items may need an oversized baggage seat. For bicycles, only those packed in a bike bag are accepted, and they must meet the total size requirements. This rule allows cycling enthusiasts to explore Japan while still making use of the fast and reliable Shinkansen services.

Bicycles

Bicycles are allowed on the Shinkansen only if they are packed in a dedicated bike bag, known in Japan as a rinko bag. The packed bike must meet the total luggage size requirements (up to 250 centimetres) to be accepted onboard. Most travellers place them in the oversized baggage area behind the last row of seats. Without proper packing, bicycles are not permitted.
Sports Equipment

Bulky items such as skis or snowboards can be brought on board if they are securely packed in protective cases. They must not exceed the maximum luggage size and should be stored either in the oversized baggage section or behind the last row of seats. Equipment that obstructs aisles or doors will not be allowed. Planning ahead is recommended, especially during peak winter travel seasons when storage space fills quickly.
Musical Instruments

Small instruments like violins, guitars, or flutes are generally accepted as part of standard luggage, provided they fall within the 160 centimetre allowance. They can be placed in the overhead racks or stored carefully near your seat. Larger instruments that exceed this measurement require an oversized baggage reservation. If the instrument is especially bulky, consider using Japan’s reliable luggage delivery service to avoid difficulties during travel.
Baby Strollers

Foldable strollers are permitted on Shinkansen trains and can usually be stored in the designated luggage areas or behind the last seat row. They should be folded before boarding to ensure they do not block aisles or disturb other passengers. Larger or non-foldable strollers may require special arrangements or could be difficult to accommodate during busy periods.
Wheelchairs and Mobility Devices

The Shinkansen is fully accessible, with reserved seating for passengers using wheelchairs or mobility scooters. Standard wheelchairs within 120 cm by 70 cm are accepted, while electric devices may require advance notice for smooth boarding.
Pet Carriers

Small pets are allowed on Shinkansen trains if they are kept in carriers that do not exceed 30 centimetres in height, 30 centimetres in width, and 50 centimetres in length, with a combined weight (pet plus carrier) under 10 kilograms. Carriers must be secure, well-ventilated, and kept out of aisles or seats. Larger animals are not permitted, so travellers with pets should plan accordingly.

Luggage Rules Across Different Seat Classes

The experience of travelling with luggage can vary depending on the class of service you choose.

Ordinary Class (Standard Economy)

Overhead racks available for small to medium bags.
Space behind the last row of seats for larger suitcases.
Green Class (Premium Economy)

Wider seats and a quieter atmosphere with more space per passenger.
Similar storage options to Ordinary Class, but slightly easier to manage bags.
Gran Class (First Class)

Most spacious seating and extra comfort.
More generous luggage space, although the same size restrictions still apply.

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Tips for a Hassle Free Journey

To make your trip smoother, consider practical steps before and during travel. First, measure your bags at home to ensure they meet the required size. If your suitcase is close to the 160 centimetre threshold, booking an oversized baggage seat in advance is strongly advised, as spaces are limited. Arrive at the station with enough time to locate your car and store your bags properly, as last minute rushes can make the process stressful.

Label your luggage clearly with your name and contact details, especially if it looks similar to many others. For those carrying multiple bags, packing light or using Japan’s convenient luggage forwarding services can significantly improve the travel experience. Following these tips allows you to relax, enjoy the ride, and focus on the scenic views from the Shinkansen window.

Japan’s Shinkansen, known worldwide as the bullet train, makes cross-country travel effortless. Frequent departures, spacious seating, and smooth rides connect you quickly between Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, and beyond.

Travelling by bullet train is one of the most efficient and enjoyable ways to explore Japan. By understanding the Shinkansen luggage rules, preparing your bags properly, and knowing where to store them onboard, you can focus on the journey itself rather than worrying about logistics. Whether you are planning a quick city hop or a cross country adventure, these guidelines make your ride more comfortable and stress free. With the right preparation, your Shinkansen trip becomes not just a transfer between destinations, but an essential part of your journey in Asia.